EXPLORING GYARU SUBSTYLES: A DIVE INTO JAPAN'S ICONIC FASHION MOVEMENT

Exploring Gyaru Substyles: A Dive into Japan's Iconic Fashion Movement

Exploring Gyaru Substyles: A Dive into Japan's Iconic Fashion Movement

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Gyaru (ギャル), a bold and expressive Japanese fashion culture that emerged in the 1990s, is more than just a style—it's a statement of individuality, rebellion, and creativity. While often recognized for its dramatic makeup, glamorous looks, and defiance of traditional beauty standards, Gyaru isn't a one-size-fits-all trend. It branches into several distinct substyles, each with its own aesthetic, attitude, and cultural footprint.

In this article, we’ll explore the most popular gyaru substyles, tracing their origins, key characteristics, and how they continue to influence global fashion today.

1. Kogal (コギャル)


Kogal, short for “kōkōsei gyaru” (high school gyaru), is one of the earliest and most recognizable gyaru substyles.

Key Features:

  • Shortened school uniforms (mini skirts, loose socks, and oversized sweaters)


  • Dyed hair (usually brown or blonde)


  • Tanned skin and dramatic eye makeup


  • Designer accessories (such as Louis Vuitton bags)



Vibe: Youthful, playful, and rebellious against traditional Japanese school norms.

2. Ganguro (ガングロ)


Emerging in the late '90s, Ganguro became famous—and controversial—for its extreme look that directly opposed mainstream Japanese beauty ideals.

Key Features:

  • Deep tans and white eye makeup/lipstick


  • Bright-colored clothing and platform shoes


  • Bleached or brightly dyed hair


  • Decorative stickers and glitter around the eyes



Vibe: Loud, confident, and unapologetically different.

3. Yamanba & Manba (ヤマンバ / マンバ)


Yamanba and Manba are offshoots of Ganguro, pushing the aesthetic even further into the extreme.

Key Features:

  • Even darker tans


  • White or neon makeup around the eyes and lips


  • Colorful synthetic hair, often in wild styles


  • Bright clothes and flashy accessories



Vibe: Radical and chaotic, almost like fashion cosplay with tribal or fairy-like elements.

4. Hime Gyaru (姫ギャル)


“Hime” means princess, and Hime Gyaru lives up to the name with its ultra-feminine and opulent aesthetic.

Key Features:

  • Puffy dresses, bows, lace, and pearls


  • Big curled hairstyles (often with wigs)


  • Heavy eye makeup and long lashes


  • Accessories like tiaras, clutch purses, and high heels



Vibe: Elegant, luxurious, and doll-like—reminiscent of Rococo or Lolita fashion but more glamorous.

5. Onee Gyaru (お姉ギャル)


Translating to "big sister gyaru," Onee Gyaru is a mature and sophisticated version of the gyaru look.

Vibe: Classy, confident, and fashion-forward—ideal for women in their 20s and beyond.

6. Rokku Gyaru (ロックギャル)


Rokku Gyaru, or "rock gyaru," blends gyaru glamour with punk rock influences.

Key Features:

  • Darker clothing (leather, skull prints, studs)


  • Smokey eye makeup and edgy accessories


  • Platform boots and distressed fabrics


  • Often seen in brands like Glad News or Ghost of Harlem



Vibe: Rebellious, edgy, and music-inspired.

7. Amekaji (アメカジ)


Short for "American casual," Amekaji Gyaru is a laid-back and colorful style inspired by Western streetwear.

Key Features:

  • Baseball caps, varsity jackets, denim shorts


  • Bold prints and bright colors


  • Natural makeup with minimal accessories



Vibe: Fun, relaxed, and sporty with an Americana twist.

The Evolution and Legacy of Gyaru Substyles


While gyaru culture peaked in the early 2000s, many substyles still thrive today within niche fashion circles, especially in online communities and social media platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube. Some gyaru fashionistas keep the tradition alive through Gyaru circles (gyarusa), while others reinterpret the styles with a modern twist.

From Hime Gyaru’s princess fantasy to the rebellious spirit of Ganguro, each gyaru substyle represents a unique blend of fashion, identity, and social commentary. In a world that often values conformity, gyaru fashion celebrates difference, self-expression, and unapologetic individuality—a legacy that continues to inspire new generations.

Final Thoughts


Whether you're a longtime fan or just discovering this world, exploring gyaru substyles offers a fascinating look into one of Japan's most iconic and diverse fashion cultures. From glam to grunge, gyaru has something for everyone willing to break the mold and dress with attitude.

 

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